To develop a reliable soil discrete element model, parameters must be calibrated considering soil properties. In this study, the effect of each parameter constituting the discrete element model on the behavior of soil particles was analyzed, and developed a discrete element model of soil using analyzed results. The parameters for sensitivity analysis were selected as shear modulus, friction coefficient, and surface energy, and the soil properties that as the basis for calibration were bulk density, angle of repose, cohesion, and angle of internal friction. In addition, research was conducted on soils that make up coastal, paddy fields, and upland with different soil textures, confirming applicability to various soil textures. As a result, a discrete element model capable of simulating the behavior of each soil was calibrated using the sensitivity analysis results performed in this study, and the calibrated discrete element model was validated through comparison with the test results.